Ethereum is more than just transfers of ETH — it’s a decentralized global computer powered by nodes and fueled by gas. Let’s break down its core components to help you grasp why it works the way it does. 1. The Ethereum Virtual Machine EVM What it...

Transferring data between Storage and Memory can slow down a computer if the CPU has to manage every step. Direct Memory Access DMA is a mechanism that lets a dedicated controller take over this job, freeing up the CPU and making data movement faster...

Modern multi-core CPUs depend on caches to accelerate memory access and improve performance. However, when multiple cores cache the same memory address, maintaining a consistent view of memory across all cores and main memory known as cache coherence...

Whether you’re building a simple web app or a large distributed system, users don’t just expect it to work → they want it to be fast, always available, secure, and to run smoothly without unexpected interruptions. These expectations are captured in ...

Modern software performance is deeply influenced by how efficiently memory is accessed. The full story of memory access latency involves multiple layers → from CPU caches to virtual memory translation, and finally to physical DRAM. This article expla...

Modern software performance depends heavily on how efficiently memory is accessed, and not just on raw CPU speed. Sequential memory access tends to be much faster than random access, and understanding why requires a deeper look inside the memory subs...